RELIGION, COSMOLOGY, AND MYTHOLOGY Structure of the Universe Main Myths The Aztec Gods Rituals Ritual Human Sacrifice ReadingįUNERARY BELIEFS AND CUSTOMS Creation Myths and Concepts about Death Funerary Places of Destination Burials and Cremation Souls Human Sacrifice ReadingĪZTEC ART Aztec Artists and Craftsmen Monumental Stone Sculpture Terra-cotta Sculpture Ceramics Wood Art Feather Work Lapidary Arts Gold Work ReadingĪZTEC ARCHITECTURE Symbolism Types of Architecture Building Materials and Techniques The Precinct of Tenochtitlan Other Cities Reading Principal Aztec Military Campaigns Tribute Flower Wars Reading GEOGRAPHY OF THE AZTEC WORLD The Concept of Sacred Landscape The Valley of Mexico: The Land, the Lake, and Natural Resources The Island City of Tenochtitlan City-States and Neighboring Peoples Linguistic History and Distribution of the Nahua Peoples Reading SOCIETY AND GOVERNMENT Social Structure and Class Hierarchy Tlatoani Cihuacoatl Priests Tecuhtli Calpulli Household Reading WARFARE Training Military Ranks and Orders Military Intelligence Women and War Uniforms and Weapons Battle Tactics and Strategiesĥ1 52 56 59 65 67 71 73 74 75 86 87 92 92 93 95 97 98 102 106 107 108 120
MESOAMERICAN CIVILIZATIONS AND AZTEC ARCHAEOLOGY The Area of Mesoamerica The People of Mesoamerica Brief History of Aztec Archaeology Main Historical Primary Sources about the Aztec ReadingĮVOLUTION OF AZTEC CIVILIZATION Origins and the Great Migration Mexica-Aztec History Reading Memorial inscription in the Plaza of the Three Cultures, Tlatelolco, Mexico CityĤ GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION AND SPELLING OF NAHUATL TERMS 1 It was not a triumph neither a defeat, but the painful birth of the Mexican people. To the mestizo and Indian people who struggle daily to improve the quality of life and social justice in our beloved, but long-suffering country of Mexico -Manuel Aguilar-Moreno On August 13th of 1521, heroically defended by Cuauhtemoc, the City of Tlatelolco fell in the hands of Hernán Cortés. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at Text design by Cathy Rincon Cover design by Semadar Megged Maps by Dale Williams based on drawings by Lluvia Arras Printed in the United States of America VB FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755.
F1219.73.A35 2005 972’.018-dc222005006636 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Includes bibliographical references and index. Handbook to life in the Aztec world / by Manuel Aguilar-Moreno. An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Aguilar-Moreno, Manuel. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. Handbook to Life in the Aztec World Copyright © 2006 by Manuel Aguilar-Moreno, foreword by John M. HANDBOOK TO LIFE IN THE AZTEC WORLD MANUEL AGUILAR-MORENO
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